Weather in autumn
Autumn is the brightest and most beautiful time of the year. During this period, the air temperature changes, resulting in changes in the weather as a whole.
- Ice drift appears;
In late autumn, nature changes in an unfavorable direction. At the final stage of the season, ice floes form on the rivers and move with the flow. This phenomenon also occurs in spring and is called ice drift.
- The direction of the wind changes;
The moving air currents become stronger and more gusty. The northwest wind brings precipitation and cold, characteristic of autumn.
- Precipitation occurs;
In autumn, bad weather becomes more frequent. A cold gusty wind brings unfavorable phenomena: rain increases, frost (frozen dew) appears, and snow falls.
- Ice appears.
Glaze is a layer of ice that forms on trees, ground, buildings and wires during frosts and after rain.
https://youtu.be/Z4OUnqGjlFc
Metamorphoses of nature in autumn
Observing nature in autumn brings vivid impressions. The hot summer is replaced by a cool and rainy autumn. It can already be felt in everything. Nature has made sure that everyone can see and feel the changes taking place around them.
How the weather changes in autumn
Gradually, the air temperature begins to fall, the days become shorter, and the nights become longer and colder. The sun no longer shines as brightly and does not rise high in the sky as in summer. Often the sky is covered with black clouds and heavy rains fall. In the morning you can see a white haze - this is fog.
The leaves begin to fall, the wind tears leaves from the trees, which cover the ground with a bright carpet. The short “Indian summer” consists of several sunny and warmest days, which seem to remind us of summer.
Frosts are possible at night by mid-autumn. At the end of autumn you can see the first crust of ice on puddles, the first snowflakes. A cold wind is blowing, and it’s about to start snowing.
How animals, birds and insects live in autumn
Of course, animals, birds and insects sense the approaching cold, so they begin to prepare for winter. Some are making supplies for the winter, others are building or insulating their homes. Mice, hamsters, rats, and moles store potatoes, nuts, beans, seeds and grains in their burrows. Squirrels hide mushrooms, nuts and cones in secluded places. Snakes, frogs, toads, snails, lizards hid in secluded places.
Many animals in the forest change their beautiful winter coats to a lighter, fluffier and warmer winter coat, so that they feel warm in the snow and no one can notice.
And some animals are active all year round; they are quite capable of finding food for themselves even in winter. For example, these are elk, fox, wolf and hare. Migratory birds fly south.
Some insects, for example, ladybugs and dragonflies, also travel to warmer climes. Bugs, midges and butterflies hide in the bark of trees, cracks and all kinds of crevices, ants fill up all their entrances to the anthill and begin to prepare for hibernation.
How plants grow
Plants, like the animal world, are preparing for winter. In early autumn, everything around turns golden, the leaves shimmer with bright colors, the leaves begin to fall - the wind tears the leaves off the trees and now on the ground you can see a carpet of bright autumn leaves.
The birch tree is the first to begin to shed its leaves, then the leaves of maple, linden, rowan, bird cherry, oak and other trees turn yellow. The leaves are painted in different colors, because the sun shines less and less often, the leaves do not have enough of it, and it becomes cool. Only coniferous trees that have thin needles instead of leaves remain green - pine, spruce, fir.
The grass has turned yellow and withered, and although chamomile, violet, and clover are still blooming here and there, in mid-autumn they will wither until next summer.
One of my favorite fairy tales, “The Adventures of an Oak Leaf,” eloquently speaks about autumn metamorphoses in the world of plants.
Features of human activity in autumn
In early autumn, harvesting in gardens, orchards and fields is still underway. They collect beets, carrots, cabbage, potatoes, and pumpkins. And with the help of special machines called a combine, the bread is harvested.
Poems about vegetables, berries and fruits
Riddles from the garden
After harvesting, it’s time to care for the soil with fertilizers that will help the soil recover for the next sowing. After fertilizing, the soil must be re-plowed so that it freezes in winter and prevents pests and weed seeds from growing.
Winter crops are also sown, for example, parsley, dill, carrots, wheat and golden rye. Garden trees and shrubs must be thoroughly watered so that the moisture helps them withstand frost. In the city at this time, you can plant young trees and shrubs, treat trunks for the winter from insects and hares.
With the arrival of autumn, children go back to school or kindergartens, a new school year begins, and parents return to the usual working rhythm of life. In the fall, everyone always warms up and puts on warm clothes so as not to catch a cold or get sick.
A little about sports in the fall
Autumn is a favorable time for sports. The carefree vacation time is already behind us, which means you can work and train properly.
In autumn, our body especially needs physical activity. When the sun hides, we feel sad, with the arrival of cold weather we feel tired and melancholy, and sport is an excellent cure for the autumn blues and boredom. Moreover, it is no longer so hot and there are many options for sports available.
We still have access to running in parks, roller skating, cycling, and exercise in the fresh air. It would be a good idea to sign up for a swimming pool - it strengthens the whole body and improves mood, especially since children simply adore water treatments. For unusual activities, we recommend horse riding. Firstly, for children this is one of the best therapies, positive emotions, walks in the fresh air and magnificent autumn nature. This, just like swimming, strengthens all muscle groups, improves the baby’s immunity and improves metabolism. Children are usually absolutely delighted with horses too!
Autumn changes in living and inanimate nature
Autumn is a transition period between hot summer and cold winter. It is at this time of year that all objects of living and inanimate nature are preparing for prolonged frosts.
The main phenomena of inanimate nature in autumn
- Cold weather
Due to the distance of the earth from the sun, the air temperature decreases in autumn. The celestial body is not high above the horizon, and the days become noticeably shorter than in summer. There are almost no clear days, cloudy and cloudy.
- Precipitation
Even though snow has not yet fallen, a small layer of ice called frost forms on the ground, grass and roofs of houses.
Also in the fall, rain and snow fall, fog descends to the ground, leaving behind moisture - dew.
Observations of inanimate nature in the fall show that environmental changes do not occur by chance: it seems to create favorable conditions for living organisms.
Thus, autumn colds come to Earth gradually, which helps animals and plants adapt to current conditions and prepare for future colds.
Phenomena of living nature in autumn
In autumn, the world of wildlife is transformed. A person observes a wonderful picture: the trees and earth seem to be covered with gold, flocks of migratory birds circle in the sky, and some crops bear fruit.
Despite the fact that in November there is a “calm” (the leaves completely fall, rains and fogs become more frequent, and birds fly south), nature this month is beautiful and unique in its own way.
- Seasonal hibernation of animals
Animals and plants sense the onset of autumn cold and begin to prepare in advance for the approaching winter. To do this, bears, hedgehogs, badgers, bats, squirrels, raccoons and other forest inhabitants hibernate.
In the fall, these animals’ metabolism slows down, they feed heavily, thereby storing “reserves” in the form of fat. This process helps them survive in winter, since nutrients do not enter the animals’ bodies for three months.
Also, before seasonal hibernation, animals find a suitable place with the conditions necessary for survival (comfortable temperature, absence of light and a safe location). Usually they are hollows, dens and burrows.
- Change in animal coat color
Some kingdoms and classes of living nature (such as mammals, trees, shrubs) tend to change their color during the transition season (autumn and spring). For example, the coat color of a hare, arctic fox and weasel changes from gray to white, and squirrels change from red to gray-brown.
- Ripening berries, vegetables, herbs and fruits
In addition to the colorful landscape, nature also delights people with seasonal products.
— So, among the vegetables that ripen in the fall, eggplant, zucchini, cabbage, peppers and carrots;
— From fruits – watermelon, grapes, pears, peaches and apples;
- From berries - rowan, cranberry, blueberry, lingonberry, hawthorn and viburnum;
- From greens - spinach, sage and others.
- Changing leaf color and falling off
In September, the trees are covered with a light gilding; in October (during the “golden autumn”) they take on bright shades. In November, a person observes a layer of dark brown leaves on the ground. The tops of the trees are “bare”, completely getting rid of their summer “clothes”.
The connection between inanimate and living nature in the fall is noticeable: temperature and climate change “warn” animals and plants about the imminent onset of cold weather. They, in turn, use the resources of inanimate nature as a place to spend the night (dens, fallen leaves and burrows).
Signs of autumn for children
A sign is a distinctive feature of a process or phenomenon. Centuries-old folk observations have made it possible to identify the following autumn signs:
- squirrels collect a lot of nuts - for a cold and long winter;
- if the cranes fly high and slowly, calling to each other, the autumn will be soft and long;
- a large harvest of rowan - to severe frosts in winter;
- the cat hides its face - in the cold;
- rare clouds in autumn foreshadow clear and cold weather;
- chickens begin to molt early - the winter will be mild;
- the leaves on the trees are yellow, but do not fall for a long time - there will be no frost for a long time;
- birch turns yellow from below - winter will be late, and if from the top - early;
- cobwebs spreading over plants - for warm weather;
- if mosquitoes appear in late autumn, the winter will be warm;
- the larger the anthills, the colder the winter will be;
- If thunder is heard in September, autumn will be mild.
Even small children can independently identify the following signs of the onset of autumn: yellowed grass and leaves on trees, wilted flowers, birds migrating south, a change in weather (less sun, frequent rains), a decrease in day length.
These and other signs of autumn for children will help you make a walk with your child more interesting, exciting and educational. Don’t miss the opportunity to breathe in the clear autumn air and bask in the last warm rays of the sun - collect a collection of leaves, make a herbarium, pick rowan trees, go mushroom hunting in the forest. Years later, both you and your baby will remember these walks with warmth and love.
Autumn in painting
Of course, autumn is the most colorful and vibrant period of the year. Autumn inspired not only many writers and poets to create their masterpieces with a lyrical touch of autumn, but also artists who could endlessly admire the landscapes and transfer their incredible emotions to paper.
We can see autumn in the paintings of many foreign and Russian outstanding artists, and the subjects surprise with their diversity. Somewhere we will see a gray rainy autumn day, and somewhere a sunny day in the middle of Indian summer. Nature in the paintings appears before us in all its glory, let's enjoy all its colors.
I. Levitan has autumn landscapes, this is “Golden Autumn”
"Autumn day Sokolniki"
"Autumn. Road in the village"
"Oak Grove. Autumn"
Be sure to show your child I. E. Repin’s picture “Autumn Bouquet”
and V. Polenov “Golden Autumn”
Also among the most famous works of art are the paintings by A. M. Gerasimovov “Gifts of Autumn”
S. Yu. Zhukovsky “Autumn. Veranda"
V. V. Meshkova “Golden Autumn in Karelia”
I. S. Ostroukhova “Golden Autumn”
I. Brodsky “Fallen Leaves”
and "Summer Garden in Autumn"
and V. E. Borisov-Musatov “Autumn Song”
To complete the theory, watch a cartoon with your children about the brightest and most beautiful time of the year:
Consultation “Introducing children to the season Autumn” methodological development (senior group)
Consultation “Introducing children to the season Autumn”
Prepared by: teacher – Mukhataeva D.Sh.
Autumn is one of the favorable times of the year for observing changes in nature. When studying natural phenomena, the teacher draws the attention of preschoolers to many signs of different seasons and teaches them to trace the connection between them. It is important to begin introducing children to autumn nature from the first days of the school year. Children gain knowledge in this area (as in any other) gradually, expanding it year by year.
Familiarization with the phenomena of autumn nature for younger preschoolers
This process begins primarily on daily walks. Children are invited to observe the phenomena of inanimate nature. Younger preschoolers are taught to notice changes in the weather: the sun shines and warms less, it rains often, it’s cold, the wind shakes the trees, plucks leaves that fall, swirling in the air. The teacher draws the children’s attention to the fact that people began to dress warmly, wear waterproof shoes, and wear umbrellas. It is necessary to point out to the children the appearance of puddles after the rain and encourage the pupils to establish a cause-and-effect relationship: it rained - there were puddles on the ground, the sun came out - the puddles dried up.
Through systematic observations of rain, children will be able to understand the appearance of snow: first it rains more often, then it becomes colder, until finally the first snowflakes and ice appear. Observations of weather changes can be associated with games. For example, when playing with pinwheels, children notice that when the wind blows, these toys spin. After this discovery, the teacher can invite the kids to think about why the trees sway. The most striking changes occur in the fall in the plant world. During the autumn period, the children observe how the leaves of the trees have changed: they changed color and began to fall off. With the help of appropriate games and leading questions from the teacher, children should come to the conclusion that different trees have different leaf colors. For example, the game “Find the same one” is useful. The teacher makes cards from similar leaves of the same tree, mixes them and asks the child to find a pair of one of the elongated pictures. Fallen leaves can be collected for an autumn bouquet, which is then placed in a corner of nature.
It is important for the teacher to evoke in children the first aesthetic experiences of perceiving the beauty of autumn trees. This is facilitated not only by the teacher’s direct words, but also by the tactile sensations of preschoolers during leaf fall: they run on dry leaves, listen to their rustling, which helps them to more deeply experience the beauty of autumn nature. Autumn flowers in the flower garden (gladioli, dahlias, asters, marigolds, etc.) bring a lot of joy to children. The teacher notes the differences between these varieties and the summer varieties, and also shows the children how to dig up flowering plants, replant them in pots, and decorate the group room with them.
Children also watch how adults and older children harvest vegetables. Younger preschoolers are shown what has grown in the garden beds in the fall and are asked to pull out onions, carrots, and beets on their own.
Children should pay attention to the birds. This is best done by feeding the birds. During the feeding process, the teacher reports that different birds fly to the site. From time to time, after observing on walks, the teacher should hang pictures in a corner of nature depicting the birds that the children saw that day. When you come to the group, you need to ask: “Who did we see on our walk today? That's right, a sparrow. There is the same sparrow in this picture.” Soon the children will notice that they are seeing fewer and fewer birds. The teacher explains to them that they are gathering in large flocks and will soon fly away to warmer climes. The kids are also told (and subsequently shown) that the older kids will feed the remaining wintering birds. The younger preschoolers make their contribution as much as they can: they collect seeds for winter feeding of the birds.
At the same age, children learn the simplest habits of other living creatures: in the fall, insects hide, a hare changes its coat, a bear looks for a den.
Familiarization with the phenomena of autumn nature
children of middle preschool age
During middle preschool age, children begin to learn more complex concepts and patterns.
Observing the phenomena of inanimate nature, they establish deeper (compared to last year) cause-and-effect relationships: the sun shines little, so it has become cold; The birds do not have enough food, they need to be fed.
At the same time, it is still difficult for children to determine the transition from summer to autumn based on the first signs. Signs of transitional seasons (spring, autumn) are mastered more slowly than winter and summer. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare preschoolers for the assimilation of these concepts gradually, based on the accumulation of their sensory experience and the formation of specific ideas about the individual characteristic features of each season.
In other words, the teacher, giving the children some new knowledge, relies (remembers with them or tells them again) on facts already known to them.
For example, children can already establish the sequence: warm summer rain - autumn, cold snap - cold lingering rain - snow. But they cannot yet fully connect these changes with solar activity. The teacher gives them the task: to trace where the puddles dry up first - in the shade or in the sun, and then asks why this happens. When frost appears (i.e., the first frost occurs, the teacher draws attention to changes in the soil: it has become hard, it is more difficult to dig up. On an evening walk, children begin to notice that the sun sets earlier. After repeated observations, preschoolers will be able to conclude that it does a certain path The teacher tells them that it is autumn and the path of the sun is shorter.
Also, during walks, the teacher still draws the children’s attention to the leaves of the trees. Just like last year, he is trying to show them the beauty of golden autumn. In parallel with this, it is useful to play games like “Find out the tree”, “Which tree does the leaf come from”. This game is also interesting: children depict various trees and hold leaves in their hands. According to the instructions of the teacher, they perform various actions. For example, the teacher says: “A strong wind is blowing and shaking the trees.” The children begin to shake the leaves with their hands. “The leaves are spinning” - everyone is spinning, raising their hands. “And now the leaves have flown to the ground” - the guys throw up the leaves, squat, etc.
At this time of year, preschoolers collect leaves for bouquets, and the teacher simultaneously points out to them that some of them turn yellow, red, or fall off earlier than others, and some, for example, lilac and oak leaves, remain green for a long time and do not fall off.
At the same age, preschoolers become familiar with the concept of “leaf fall.” The guys run through the fallen leaves and play with them. It would be appropriate to read the corresponding poem to them.
When all the leaves have fallen, it is advisable to take the children for a walk in a park, preferably with coniferous trees. Here the children practice recognizing trees without leaves, and also compare the decoration of spruce and pine with other trees.
At the site, preschoolers rake up fallen leaves and take them into pits to prevent pests.
For the emotional basis of learning, the teacher shows pictures about autumn and reads poetry. The impressions obtained during observation should be consolidated in didactic games and art classes.
In the middle group, observations of the flower garden plants also continue. The guys need to be brought to the conclusion that there are fewer and fewer flowering plants. To better familiarize yourself with autumn flowers, you can play the game “Guess what you’re up to” with preschoolers (children must describe flowering plants). It is also advisable to conduct a variety of didactic games.
You can dig up bushes of asters, marigolds, marigolds and transfer them to the group for further observations. It is also a good idea to organize a collection of large seeds from flower garden plants, such as nasturtiums and marigolds, so that children can compare them. It is necessary to show how to collect seeds, to teach how to distinguish ripe from unripe. After walking in a group, the seeds are examined and sorted.
Middle-aged preschoolers can already actively take part in harvesting. The teacher draws the children’s attention to the fact that they took good care of the vegetable crops and therefore reaped a good harvest. Children also learn to distinguish ripe vegetables from unripe fruits by size, color, shape, and density. To consolidate knowledge about vegetables, you should conduct an appropriate lesson. If possible, you should visit an orchard (or plot) while picking apples. Children will admire the apples and feel their aroma; The teacher will explain to preschoolers that an apple is ripe if its seeds are dark.
Bird watching continues. During a walk, the teacher asks you to stand quietly and listen to the sounds in the park: “What can you hear? Do birds sing?”, name them. The guys look at different birds, compare them by size, color, habits, and distinguish them by the sounds they make. The teacher reminds the children that it is very difficult for birds to find food in the cold season, so they need to be fed. Middle-aged preschoolers no longer just observe feeding, but directly participate in it. Together with the teacher, they determine a place for the feeders, and then hang them up. Every day, when going for a walk, children stock up on bird food. The teacher also teaches the children to notice which bird is more willing to peck at this or that food.
In a corner of nature, you can devote an activity to a bird, for example: a goldfinch, a canary.
Gradually, the guys notice that insects are not visible at all: butterflies, beetles, grasshoppers. You can invite children to look for insects under fallen leaves, in cracks and crevices of bark, under stones and think about why they hid there.
Also, the teacher partly reminds and partly talks about changes in the life of forest animals: a squirrel stores food, a hedgehog is looking for a mink, a bear is looking for a den, a hare is changing its coat.
The guys help animals from the corner of nature prepare for winter - they prepare food for them (seeds of horse sorrel, plantain, spikelets of cereals; fragrant herbs - mint, sweet clover, as well as sand and pebbles (for birds).
Familiarization with the phenomena of autumn nature
older preschoolers
In the older group, children are introduced in more detail to the connections in inanimate nature that are understandable to them, to the causes of the occurrence of certain phenomena, to the influence of inanimate nature on the life of plants and animals, and human labor. This becomes possible because in the sixth year of life the child is already able to compare, generalize the signs of observed objects and phenomena, and think independently. Curiosity develops.
The level of development of cognitive processes in children of senior preschool age is sufficient for them to acquire systematic knowledge about seasonal changes in nature. A child of five or six years old can also understand the sequence of natural phenomena. Therefore, in the older group, children form a generalized idea of the seasons.
Already at the very beginning of autumn, the teacher draws the attention of preschoolers to the signs of the onset of this season. The autumn weather is systematically observed with children (from the window of the room, on walks and excursions into nature).
In addition to the already familiar observations (the length of daylight hours, changes in temperature and solar activity, new ones are also being made. With the help of the teacher, preschoolers notice that at the beginning of autumn the sky is clear with small clouds, the air is transparent. At the end - the sky is gray, often in clouds. Observations are carried out before and after the rain, so that the children clearly understand its connection with the clouds.
Together with the teacher, children note the strength and direction of the wind every day. In late autumn, the pupils' attention is fixed on the fact that when they wake up in the morning, it is dark outside the window. Lead them to the conclusion that the days have become shorter (the sun rises later and sets earlier). Children will learn the reason for the change in the length of day and night, and the weather patterns in a given season.
At this age, they can already characterize the weather conditions: cloudy, rainy, cold, windy, sunny. Thanks to these skills, as well as constant observations of the weather (in the morning and evening it is noticeably colder than during the day; in the middle and at the end of autumn, the cold intensifies, puddles freeze, roofs are covered with frost), children form ideas about the influence of the sun on the change of day and night, about its role in the life of plants and animals, that it is a source of light and heat. The teacher explains that depending on the position of the earth relative to the sun, the seasons change. It is best to use the “Path of the Sun” model for this. The graphic model “Who needs the sun” will help in telling the story about the benefits of the sun for all life on earth.
To understand the reasons for the change of seasons, you need to play a game that reflects actions that simulate the movement of the earth around the sun: “Why does a different season come?” Children independently determine the connection between the location of the earth relative to the sun and the season. To clarify and replenish students’ knowledge about the seasons, it is necessary to read fiction: K. D. Ushinsky’s “Autumn”, N. I. Sladkov’s “Autumn on the Doorstep”, “September”, “October”, “November”, etc. In these For the same purposes, it is good to read excerpts from the corresponding poems and ask riddles.
In order to form in children a generalized idea of autumn as a time of year when living conditions for living beings change significantly, you can conduct a lesson “Autumn”, in which preschoolers are asked to explain proverbs related to the characteristics of autumn nature.
You can tell the children that in the fall there is one day that is equal to night, and it is called the autumnal equinox.
At this time of year, the stars and moon are already visible on evening walks. It is necessary to explain to the pupils that they are always in the sky, although they are not visible during the day. Sometimes they are not visible even in the evening; children should be able to associate this with the clouds.
In general, in the older group, preschoolers form ideas about inanimate nature as the habitat of animals and plants, and about some meteorological phenomena that influence processes in living nature.
As last year, the teacher draws the children’s attention to changes in leaf color and leaf fall.
Proverbs about autumn
Autumn – eight changes;
Autumn is rainy and nourishing;
Autumn rain is sown finely, but lasts a long time;
Spring rain grows, and autumn rain rots.
The teacher helps the children establish a connection between leaf fall and the first frost. Older preschoolers should understand the meaning of leaf fall: when leaves fall, they protect trees from loss of moisture and freezing, and prevent branches from breaking off during strong winds and snowfalls. In addition, fallen leaves protect the roots of the tree: by covering the soil with a continuous carpet, they thereby protect it from frost. In addition to protecting the root system from cold, the leaves, when rotting, make the soil nutritious. The kids can even help this process by collecting leaves in a pile, shoveling them and watering them abundantly. Thus, preschoolers learn that leaves need to be removed only from paths, and that it is better to leave them under trees.
At this time of year, the teacher tries to give children pleasure from observing autumn nature. Not only the direct touch of the beauty of autumn will help with this, but also poems, for example: “Falling Leaves” by I. A. Bunin.
Knowledge of autumn changes in the plant world is not limited to observations of tree leaves. Pupils can be shown various seeds and fruits: oak (acorns, coniferous trees (children will be happy to compare different cones and find seeds in them). With fruits and seeds you can play the game “Which branch are the children from?” - preschoolers find fruits from this or another tree.The following game will also arouse interest: the fruits of one tree are placed with the leaves of another and the children are invited to eliminate the confusion.
In late autumn, you need to show the pupils the buds and tell them that they are dormant and will bloom only in the spring.
In older preschool age, children continue to become acquainted with autumn colors. They learn that there are annual and perennial plants, collect their seeds and learn to determine from the seed what will grow from it. It is useful to conduct the didactic game “In our flower garden” (the child identifies the plant by the seeds).
At this time of year, children can watch the planting of tulip bulbs, daffodils, and crocuses in the ground, as well as how the soil is prepared for the lawn. They themselves can participate in the latter:
• insulate the perennials remaining in the ground with leaves and grass;
• clean the flower garden, removing dried stems and roots of annual plants;
• dig up the soil along with organic fertilizers.
Cannas, dahlias, gladioli, and tuberous begonias that do not overwinter in the ground should be moved indoors. They are stored in a dry and dark place at a temperature of 5 - 7 0C.
During your walk, you should take the children to the park, where they can see adults preparing flower beds for winter. As before, preschoolers continue to participate in the harvest, but this year they are much more active. A harvest festival with an exhibition of vegetables prepared by children, as well as involving children in preparing vegetable dishes - vinaigrette, salad, pickling cucumbers (for their group, sauerkraut, etc.) will contribute to increasing interest in growing plants.
In the senior group, the content of work is significantly expanded, which introduces adults to seasonal work. Preschoolers watch the digging of potatoes, their collection, and their storage. Targeted walks to the orchard are organized. Children will learn how adults insulate trees for winter. During such walks, they can provide all possible assistance - support the plant during planting, cover it with soil, and water it. We need to show the children a late variety of apples - green Antonovka.
Animal observations continue, primarily birds. At this age, preschoolers already know that birds are divided into wintering and migratory. The teacher can organize observations of migratory birds (for example, rooks) gathering in flocks and flying away. During a walk to the rookery, it is advisable to draw the attention of preschoolers to the surrounding nature, remember the lines from N. Nekrasov’s poem: “Late autumn, the rooks have flown away. The forest was exposed, the fields were empty. ".
Older preschoolers are able to understand more complex cause-and-effect relationships. Therefore, you need to explain to them that many birds do not fly away because they are cold. Children should be aware of another connection between the drop in temperature and the flight of birds to warmer climes: colder weather - withering of plants - disappearance of insects - flight of birds.
To better assimilate information about autumn in general and about birds in particular, appropriate classes should be conducted. At them, the teacher once again reminds the children of the need to take care of the remaining birds, talks in more detail about the proper care of them, and clarifies the students’ knowledge about this or that bird.
At the end of the lesson, we should invite the children to think about why we protect birds and what benefits they bring.
The teacher tells the children that in order for birds to constantly fly to the feeders, they (the feeders) must always be kept in the same place, and in winter, brooms of weeds should be stuck into the snow next to them.
We continue to get acquainted with the habits of animals in the autumn.
The teacher introduces children to the seasonal features of the lifestyle of amphibians related to environmental conditions (for example, a frog stays awake when it is warm, but falls asleep when cold weather sets in).
The teacher talks about how hedgehogs prepare for winter, what supplies squirrels make for the winter.
It’s a good idea to talk about the moose: that people care about these animals.
It is necessary to systematically test children's knowledge about insects, as well as how clearly the children understand the reasons for the disappearance of butterflies, beetles, etc., and show them numb insects in crevices.
These stories and observations help preschoolers develop knowledge about the adaptability of wild animals to seasonal (winter) conditions. Children understand the chain of connections: weather conditions - availability (absence) of food - the animal’s lifestyle.
To create an emotional and cognitive atmosphere among children, as well as to help them more fully and consciously absorb knowledge about autumn, you can conduct the leisure activity “Autumn - Eight Changes”. The children will get acquainted with folk proverbs and sayings, learn to guess riddles about autumn and, most importantly, receive motivation for further observations.
