Speech therapy examination of children from 4 to 5 years old and diagnosis of speech disorders

A speech therapy examination of children 4-5 years old is necessary to determine the level of their speech, communicative and emotional-volitional development. The study is carried out comprehensively and consists of an examination of the child’s speech and non-speech capabilities, analysis of anamnestic data and conversations with parents and teachers (if it takes place in kindergarten).

The topic will be complemented by our previous material on speech therapy massage for children.

Speech therapy diagnostics of preschool children

Speech therapy diagnostics consists of the following:

Filling out the medical history card by the teacher and parents;
Examination of the child’s fine, general and articulatory motor skills;
Studying the volume of vocabulary (passive - understood, and active - pronounced) of the baby;
Checking the state of grammatical structure, phonemic processes (perception, analysis and synthesis of sounds) and coherent speech.

Speech therapy diagnostics of a younger preschooler

Akimenko speech examination technique

In modern kindergartens, V. M. Akimenko’s technique is used for speech therapy examination of children with speech disorders. This is an automatic computer program that conducts testing and processes the received data. Diagnostics is carried out in 15 main sections, includes tasks for children, detailed instructions and methodological materials for a speech therapist.

Additional Information! After testing, the program allows you to make a speech therapy conclusion, make an accurate diagnosis of a speech disorder and outline the process of correctional work.

Study of the state of phonemic perception

The state of phonemic awareness is tested by playing "Parrot". The baby is given the task of repeating two sounds: ka - ga; pa - ba; ba - on. Then a complication occurs - you need to repeat not the sounds, but the words: bowl - bear, varnish - cancer.

Checking compliance with the pattern and sound-syllable structure of the word

Compliance with the pattern is the order of reproduction of syllables in a word. A preschooler can “cut off” difficult-to-pronounce sounds in his speech (ka - mouse), or rearrange them (barelina - ballerina). When examining five-year-old preschoolers, you can use words consisting of 3-4 syllables, as well as materials with a combination of consonants.

Child's classes with a speech therapist

Study of pronunciation and speech production

The study of pronunciation and speech production includes:

study of the articulatory apparatus and articulatory motor skills;
state of sound pronunciation;
reproduction of individual sounds and words, as well as coherent speech.

In the methodology for examining the articulatory apparatus, special attention is paid to the organs of articulation: tongue (long, short); teeth; soft palate (gothic, high, normal); lips (normal, cleft lip, thin, thick). Articulatory motor skills play an important role in pronunciation. Basic exercises: tongue with a spatula and a needle, puff out your cheeks, smile and make a straw with your lips.

Setting the sound "Ch"

Speech therapy diagnostics carried out for children 3-4 years old include a large number of exercises performed by imitation - the speech therapist shows them and then performs them together with the child. In older preschool age, preschoolers perform tasks from memory and only practice new exercises with an imitation teacher (however, they should not be included in the speech therapy examination).

Additional Information! The state of pronunciation and speech reproduction is checked using pictures using the task method: “Show me where...”. There should be a lot of picture material for every sound and syllable.

Diagnosis of speech development of a 4-year-old child. Speech therapy test (middle group) on the topic

SPEECH CARD

/test diagnostics for a 4-year-old child using the method of T.V. Kabanova/

Child's last name_______________________________________________group__________________________

Date of Birth______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

SERIES I 1.Vocabulary Comprehension Study. Show me where:
1.Understanding general words by topic					2. Differentiation of singular and plural nouns
HOUSE-E ANIMALS					TREE-TREES
WILD ANIMALS					MACHINE-MACHINES
FURNITURE					LEAF-LEAVES
SHOES					BOOTS-BOOTS
3.distinction between prepositional and case constructions					4.nouns with diminutive suffix
bird above the tree					Apple-bull's-eye
under the tree					bunny hare
near the tree					High chair
on the tree					Car-typewriter
5. study of word discrimination Show where:					6. Understanding two-step instructions
They carry and carry					Take the toy from the table and put it in the closet
Hanging and standing					Put the bunny on a chair and put the doll to sleep
7. distinguishing opposites by meaning Look at the pictures, show where:
Big bear-little bear
High house - low house
Clean hands are dirty hands
SCORE: 1-point completes tasks correctly; 0.5 - performs after several repetitions; 0.25 has difficulty understanding speech addressed to him; 0 points - fulfills
TOTAL FOR SERIES I: 23 samples -23 points
Series II. Study of the sensorimotor level of speech
1. The state of phonemic perception. Repeat after me :
TA-NA					KA-GA
TA-DAH					HA-YES
BA-MA					TA-WA
ME-MA					TOTAL PER SERIES
SCORE: 1-point accurately and correctly reproduces at the pace of presentation; 0.5 - the first term reproduces correctly, the second assimilates to the first; 0.25 inaccurate both terms with permutation, replacement and omissions; 0 points - does not reproduce. Total 7 samples - 7 points.
2. Phonemic analysis and synthesis. Select the sound “m” - the mooing of a cow (“r” motor) from the words (only the selection of a word containing the sound “m” or “r” is considered a breakdown):
mouse					fish
frame					window
mosquito					firewood
house					table
board					ball
SCORE: 1 point - answers correctly on the first try; 0.5 - on the second attempt; 0.25-from the third attempt; 0 points - answers incorrectly. Total 4 samples - 4 points

Continuation of the speech map_____________________

3. Articulatory motor skills. Repeat the movements.
"Smile-pipe"				"swing"
"Let's lick our lips"				"spatula"
"needle"				Total 5 trials -5 points
SCORE: 1 point - performs movements correctly; 0.5-slow and intense; 0.25 - with errors: long search for a pose, deviation, synkinesis, hyperkinesis; 0 - does not perform
4.Sound-syllable structure of the word. Repeat the words.
whistle				snowdrop
policeman				medicine
aquarium				Only 5 samples - 5 points
SCORE: 1 point - correctly and accurately at the pace of presentation; 0.5 - slow syllable-by-syllable reproduction; 0.25 distorts the structure of the word (omissions and rearrangements of sounds and syllables); 0 point. -does not play
5.Sound pronunciation research
Cotton wool, owl, fork				Fur coat, cat, baby
House, fishing rod, food				Tea, glasses, night
Jar, lunch, loaf				Beetle, knives, hedgehogs
Dog, bowl, nose				Pike, things, bream
Bunny, umbrella, goat				Paw, milk, table
Hay, letter, goose				Fish, cow, fence
Winter, goat, shop				Lion, coat, salt
Heron, sheep, finger				Turnip, jam, door
Leg, cinema, sleep				Geese, needle, carriage
Yod, jay, may				Fly, lemon, house
SCORE: 1 point - correct in any speech situations; 0.5-isolated and reflected correctly, sometimes subject to replacement or distortion; 0.25-correct in isolation, but not automated in speech; 0 - in any position is distorted or replaced. 20 trials-20 points

RESULT FOR SERIES II: 41 samples, 41 points
SERIES III. Study of the grammatical structure of speech and inflection.
Use of singular and plural nouns Name them				In the singular dative form Tell me who you will give food to
Chair-chairs				Cat (milk)
elephant elephants				Mame (flowers)
Hare-hares				Hare (carrot)
Cat-cats				To the bear (honey)
3.Use of prepositional-case constructions. Answer the questions.
Where did the cat jump from (from the sofa)
Where did you put the pencil (in the box)
Where did you get the book from (from the closet)
Where did the ball roll (under the table)
4. The use of adjectives and nouns in the singular and plural of feminine, masculine, neuter
Red flags				Yellow jacket
Flower blue				Apple green
Score: 1 point - forms almost all words correctly, 0.5 - half of the words, 0.25 points 1-2 words, phrases; 0 - does not form words. According to the series 18 samples - 18 points.
RESULT FOR SERIES III: 16 samples, 16 points

_NOTE_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Continuation of the speech map______________________

SERIES IV. Study of vocabulary and word formation skills.
1.1. Subject dictionary. Look and name what you see in the pictures (5 pictures for each topic)
dishes			shoes
family			cloth
animals			furniture
1.2. Nouns denoting parts of objects. What parts do these objects consist of?
Human
Car (cabin, wheel, steering wheel, door, headlight, motor)
doll
Clothing(sleeve, collar, pocket, button, belt)
1.3.Name of professions. What professions are people depicted in the pictures?
doctor			teacher
hairdresser			cook
salesman
1.4.Verb dictionary. Name the action words:
Five things a child does during the day
Actions to professions
Who eats what (chicken, cat, dog)
Action words based on the presented pictures (dances, sings, walks, flies,
1.5.Dictionary of adjectives. Name it.
Color (six primary colors, black and white)
Qualitative adjectives (soft, prickly, cold)
Shape (round, square, triangular)
2. Study of word formation
2.1.Call me affectionately.			2.2.Name the cubs
Ball-ball			hare
dog			cats
cat			ducks
hare			foxes
squirrel			goose
SCORE: 1 point - gives the correct answer; 0.5 - after a little help; 0.25 - forms the form incorrectly; 0-task does not perform.
. RESULT FOR SERIES IV: 32 tests, 32 points
SERIES V. Study of coherent speech. Telling a familiar tale using illustrations Read also: Summary of group speech therapy lesson “Words are objects” Look at the pictures. Tell the fairy tale “Turnip”, “Ryaba the Hen”, “Kolobok” - optional).
Semantic integrity assessment: 1 test, 5 points 5 points - corresponds to the situation, has all the semantic links located in the correct sequence; 2.5 - the child slightly distorts the situation, incorrectly reproduces cause-and-effect relationships; 1-loss of semantic links in the story, significant distortions; 0-no story
Assessment of lexical and grammatical design 1 sample, 5 points 5b-story was compiled without violations of lexical and grammatical norms; 2.5 - does not contain agrammatisms, but stereotypical statements are observed; 1 - agrammatisms, repetitions, and inadequate substitutions are noted; 0 points - the story is not completed
Assessment of independent performance 1 test, 5 points 5 points - independently selects and arranges pictures; 2.5-pictures are arranged using; 1-lays out pictures and composes a story based on leading questions; 0-task not available even with help
RESULT FOR SERIES V: 1 sample, 15 points

Continuation of the speech map____________________

SERIES VI Exploring Gross and Fine Motor Skills Follow my instructions:
General motor skills Total: 14 tests, 14 points	Movements of the arms and shoulder girdle.	Raise your hands up (show how big you are)
		Show how birds fly and flap their wings
	Torso movements	Swing like a clock pendulum (tick tock)
		Bend over and pick up an object from the floor (don’t bend your knees)
	Leg movements and maintaining balance. Follow my instructions	Show me how little you were (Squat)
		Show how the cockerel stands on one leg
		Jump on one leg to the indicated landmark
		Step over puddles or rocks (walking with high knees)
	Statics	Stretch your arms forward and close your eyes. Stay like this for 5 seconds.
	Dynamics	March like a soldier (marching)
		Perform 3 squats in a row
	Spatial orientation by imitation	Walk around the circle, first clockwise, then counterclockwise
		Walk around the circle and stand in the center
		Walk around the entire office and stand in a given place
SCORE: 1 point - correctly, accurately and completely performs all movements at a normal pace the first time; 0.5 correct, but with repetition of instructions or repetition of the demonstration, at a slow pace; 0.25 - incomplete range of movements, uncoordinated movements, motor restlessness, not all tasks are completed; 0 points - unable to perform movements
Fine motor skills Total 9 samples, 9 points	Kinesthetic basis of movements Follow my instructions:	Show the “horned goat” (index finger and little finger extended forward, the rest clenched) alternately with each hand, and then with both hands together
		Show “bunny ears” (index and middle fingers extended upward, the rest clenched into a fist) with each hand in turn, and then with both hands together
		Show the “ring” (each finger in turn touches the thumb on one hand, then on the other)
		Show “glasses” with both hands at the same time
	Kinetic basis of movements Follow my instructions.	Alternately bend the fingers of your right and left hands (possibly reading the nursery rhyme “Forty-forty...”)
		Fingers say hello (alternately touching the pads of the fingers of the hand, and then the same fingers of both hands)
		"Piano playing"
		Changing the position of the hands (fist - left hand / palm - right hand and vice versa, with both hands)
		Fist-rib-palm
SCORE: 1 point - performs movements in full at a normal pace; 0.5 - retardation and lack of coordination of movements when performing; 0.25 - the presence of synkinesis in the general skeletal and facial muscles and difficulty in switching movements; 0 - refuses to complete the task
RESULT FOR SERIES VI: 23 samples, 23 points
FINAL RESULT: 136 samples, 150 points

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Date:________________ / ___________speech therapist:__________________/_________________

How is a speech therapy examination performed for children with speech disorders?

The Psychological-Medical-Pedagogical Commission (PMPC) conducts a comprehensive speech therapy examination for children with speech disorders in order to issue the correct conclusion and subsequent correction in a specialized kindergarten. The examination is divided into stages:

Conversation with parents and filling out an anamnesis card (child development before birth and the first 3 years of life).
Studying the child’s motor skills and his organs of articulation. At this stage, the child’s mental characteristics (communication, behavior) and the type of breathing used by the baby are also noted.
The level of violations of sound pronunciation, grammatical and lexical structure of speech is revealed.
Diagnosing disorders in coherent speech, as well as determining the volume of passive (understood) and active (pronounced) vocabulary.

Psychological-medical-pedagogical commission

Main examination criteria (type, volume, smoothness of non-speech and speech breathing, duration of speech exhalation).

In speech therapy in children, there are 3 types of breathing: thoracic (as you inhale, the chest expands), diaphragmatic (normal) and clavicular (shoulders rise). Determined at rest, the baby should sit, lie or stand.

The volume and strength of the air stream are revealed using exhalation exercises - blow on a dandelion (in spring and summer) or special speech therapy material (you can print out a flower and “plant” a ladybug on it, which needs to be blown away).

The smoothness of non-speech and speech breathing is determined by the consistency of stops in the child’s speech. And the duration of speech exhalation is the number of words that a child can pronounce on exhalation (at four years old this is 5-7 words normally).

Additional Information! It is important to actively develop a child’s breathing in early preschool age. This can be done with the help of special exercises from the teaching aids for the Federal State Educational Standard.

Physiological characteristics and imperfections in sound pronunciation in preschool children

At the age of 4-5 years, children usually have all their baby teeth. Imperfections in sound pronunciation may be due to low mobility of the articulatory organs and the special structure of the articulatory apparatus.

It is considered normal if a preschooler by the age of 5 does not yet have complex sounds such as “r”, “sh” and “l”. After a year or two, they can stand up on their own, without speech therapy help.

Complex of articulatory gymnastics for children 2-3 years old

Study of the state of impressive (understandable) speech

The state of impressive speech is carried out using didactic material and special aids. The teacher calls the object: “Show me the plane,” the child must point to it.

Testing of non-speech mental functions

Testing of non-speech mental functions includes the following studies:

state of sound perception (where the sound comes from, differentiation of musical instruments);
state of visual perception (show a certain color, shape);
completeness of motor skills (manual, general, fine, articulatory).

Anamnesis data collection questionnaire

In the anamnestic data collection questionnaire, the main questions are the following:

nature of pregnancy;
the presence of chronic diseases in parents and close relatives;
injuries during childbirth;
injuries within 3 years of life;
basic skills (at what time the child raised his head, began to sit, stand and walk, uttered the first sounds and words).

Speech therapy examination of a non-speech child

The examination should be unobtrusive, since non-verbal children are often susceptible to aggression. You can’t tell your baby: “Repeat, tell me.” Instead: “Show me.”

For example: The state of phonemic awareness of a non-speech child is checked using sets of pictures.

Assignment: “Show me where the bowl is? Where’s the bear?”

Materials for the task: bowl, bear, kidney, barrel, crayfish, varnish, eyes, thunderstorm, goat, scythe.

To increase the interest of modern children in classes, instead of the usual didactic materials in pictures, you can make a presentation on electronic media.

Study of the state of respiratory and vocal functions

In the state of respiratory and vocal function, the type of breathing (thoracic, clavicular, diaphragmatic), the strength and smoothness of the air stream and the number of words pronounced on exhalation are noted (the norm by 5 years is 5-7 words).

Study of nonverbal components of communication

As non-verbal components of communication, non-speech children most often use gestures (pointing with fingers, hand), facial expressions and onomatopoeia or sound complexes (one sound, for example “ta”, may have several definitions - doll, dog, car, etc.). To develop speech, you should not go deep into their study, but you need to pay attention to exercises that “trigger” the child’s speech.

Additional Information! A good guide for homework would be T. A. Tkachenko’s book “Speech Therapy Exercises,” intended for preschoolers aged 4-7 years.

Nonverbal Components of Communication

Speech therapy examination is an important part of the development and formation of children’s speech. In the process, possible speech disorders are identified and methods for their correction are immediately prescribed (classes with a teacher, or referral to a specialized kindergarten).