How to correctly and quickly teach a 5-6-7 year old child to read syllables at home

Pros and cons of homeschooling

Some of the positive aspects of teaching reading at home include:

1. Floating schedule. Mother and child do not need to rush, adapt to the schedule of the teacher or courses.
2. Ability to use different techniques. Typically, teachers and training centers specialize in a narrow area. For example, they work with children only with Zaitsev’s cubes, or according to Zhukova’s method. At home, through trial and error, you can choose the most effective technique specifically for your tomboy. But this takes time.
3. Individual approach. At home they do not study in groups, but one-on-one. You can devote exactly as much time to a topic as a single student needs, without waiting for those who are lagging behind and without rushing after those who are running ahead.
4. Contact with parents is maintained. A preschooler is emotionally comfortable being with his parents in difficult moments, and learning to read is a responsible undertaking.

There are not many negative aspects, but they do exist. Among the disadvantages of learning to read at home are:

• Lack of training of parents Unfortunately, mothers and fathers who do not have special education make a lot of mistakes when learning to read. For example, they name letters with overtones, make pauses between phonemes in the process of adding syllables and words. Children get used to reading incorrectly, and it is very difficult to retrain them.
• The child is not socialized. In pedagogical centers, the child communicates with other adults, gets used to the school environment, responsibility, and learns behavior. He won't get that experience at home.

Where and how to teach a child to read is up to parents to choose. If you have a difficult financial situation, then the only option left is at home. In this case, spend time studying books and methods of working with preschool children. This will help teach a kindergartener how to read and instill a love of literature.

Reading speed

And yet, since reading speed affects academic performance in general and not only in primary school, appropriate standards have been developed that determine how many words per minute a primary school student should read. Namely:

• in first grade - from 25 words per minute;
• in the second - from 50 words;
• in third grade – from 75;
• in the fourth – from 95.

Upon completion of primary school, a child should ideally be able to read at a speed of 120-150 words per minute. This is just very close to speech speed.

However, dear parents, pay attention to an important aspect: a child will not read faster than he speaks if he is slow in life and thinks for a long time before answering a question. In this case, he, of course, will read slower. But there's nothing wrong with that. The main thing is that your child reads consciously.

Preparatory stage

Undoubtedly, it is difficult to try to explain something to a one-year-old baby and teach him to pronounce words or parts of them, although it is possible. According to the latest research, experts believe that some children can start learning simple words and connecting syllables as early as 2 or 3 years old.

However, at such an early age you should not overload children with information that is unnecessary for them, but devote more to the preparatory stage: help the baby develop phonemic awareness and learn letters.

The development of phonemic hearing is facilitated by reading and memorizing nursery rhymes, short poems and songs.

It is better to study letters in a playful way.

Creative tricks for memorizing letters:

1. Trace, color, shade letters with pencils.
2. Sculpt letters from plasticine and kinetic sand.
3. Lay out letters from sticks, mosaics, cubes.

Techniques for memorizing letters for preschoolers: modeling with plasticine

When is a child ready to learn syllables?

In order to teach a child to read syllables easily, the child should be taught at the right time, which can be determined by the following main features:

• the baby can already pronounce words quite well;
• pronounces individual sounds more or less clearly without swallowing them;
• pronounces the letter “r”, or tries to do so;
• does not have significant distortions in pronunciation.

Why is it important that early reading instruction occurs at the right time? We learn to read letters and syllables with speech skills. The fact is that if you teach a 2, 3 or 4 year old child to read and form letters without teaching him to speak correctly, the same errors may appear in reading tasks and in subsequent writing. In the future, the baby will confuse sounds and letter symbols, and relearning is much more difficult than initially teaching correctly. Therefore, you should immediately tune in: learn the syllables correctly .

Another important factor in successfully teaching preschoolers to read is the ability of children to analyze text, to understand that in front of them there are not just pictures, but letters, which, in turn, indicate specific sounds. And only then comes the realization that letters can be combined together and form syllables for learning to read. Such understanding usually comes no earlier than 4-5 years, and sometimes at 6 years old - this is the age that is considered ideal for learning. How to teach a child aged 5-6 years to read?

It’s worth noting right away that teaching preschoolers to read is a rather painstaking and responsible process. Just because they are ready to learn to read at age 5 does not mean that they will learn to read quickly and effectively. You should not immediately overload children with read information and teach them to read words syllable by syllable from morning to evening.

When teaching a child at 5 years old, it is recommended to conduct daily lessons for no more than 15 minutes at a time, as the child begins to get tired and may lose all interest in reading exercises.

You should adhere to the following pace: read, repeat several times, rest.

How to master speed reading at home

Now there are a large number of specialized courses that teach this skill. The duration of the program can be 2-6 months. You can also find free courses on the Internet; there are specialized websites for this, where training programs are laid out in detail.

Is it possible to learn speed reading at home? The question is very complex and largely depends on the child and his abilities. It will be easier for a schoolchild to study in real conditions, since children at this age will develop a competitive trait. Many children find it easier to study under the supervision of a teacher who can advise, guide and help with this.

Techniques

What is the best and most effective method of teaching reading? There are many opinions on this matter; a lot of arguments are put forward in favor of certain methodological developments and approaches. Most experts are inclined to believe that the first thing to start reading by syllables is to use an ABC book for learning to read or cubes, where letters and syllables are accompanied by colorful images.

Training using the Doman method

Glen Doman spent a long time researching the intellectual capabilities of children and came to the conclusion that basic information is stored in the brain before the age of 6, and it takes a minimum of time to master.

He proposed teaching children to read without additional motivation, simply by showing them cards with words and pictures. According to psychologists, didactics is based on photographic memory.

Cards must be shown daily, holding eye contact for a couple of seconds. The amount of material shown increases gradually. For example, in the first 3 days, show 2-3 cards, at least 2-4 times a day. For days 4-7, 5 cards each. And so on.

Don’t expect lightning-fast results, but in a month or a month and a half, the child will already know and read more than 30 words. You can start learning from diapers.

Reading by syllables

All parents own it. It was according to this system that children were taught to read in Soviet schools. First, the baby learns the alphabet, then puts them into syllables, simple words. This is the best option for home learning process. It is understandable to non-professional teachers and children. It is easily absorbed and brings good results in a short period of time.

Reading by warehouses

The child needs to learn vowels. Secure them firmly. Then move on to mastering consonants, while simultaneously adding melodious sounds to them for reading.

When read, the word is divided not into syllables, but into clauses. For example, CHA-SH-KA. Each consonant is responsible for one warehouse.

Zaitsev cubes

The set contains 52 units of demo material. These are square cubes with syllables. They are of different sizes and colors. 7 of them are repeated. The cubes sound: they make noise if they have a voiced consonant written on them, they jingle if they have a voiced consonant. They cannot be used to form words that are spelled incorrectly. For example, there is no syllable ZHY, SHCHYA. The baby gains literacy skills.

In the first lessons with children 4-5 years old, you should invite them to play with blocks, without focusing on letters and syllables. The child himself will understand that they are different from each other.

In the following lessons, the child can begin to put words together according to a pattern and begin to read. It is important for parents not to force learning, but to give knowledge gradually, by prompting and telling during the game.

Zaitsev's kit includes tables. They are hung at the baby's eye level. The information is remembered automatically.

Methodology of N. Zhukova

Zhukova’s method of teaching reading for preschoolers is considered the most effective, as it teaches the child to read from sounds to letters . This is important, because in this case the child learns to first hear the sounds in the word, and then the letters.

When studying the primer with your child, pronounce sounds out loud , not letters: the sound “M”, not the letter “EM”, the sound “S”, not the letter “ES”. This will allow the child to avoid mistakes when connecting letters into syllables.

Otherwise, the baby will read instead: “AM - AEM”, instead of AS - AES or ASE.

Zhukova’s method of teaching reading for preschoolers is considered the most effective, as it teaches the child to read from sounds to letters. This is important, because in this case the child learns to first hear the sounds in the word, and then the letters. The baby first learns to read individual letters and then connect the letters into syllables.

Primer by Nadezhda Zhukova

Nadezhda Zhukova’s primer is the most effective method of teaching reading to preschoolers

When using Zhukova’s primer, be sure to read the author’s recommendations on how to start learning correctly. They are located at the bottom of the primer page.

How to teach a child to add his first syllables?

You should not learn the alphabet in order. The first sounds with which you should start quickly learning to read are vowel sounds: “A”, “O”, “U”, “E”, “I”. Kids can pronounce them and even sing them.

Then you should gradually add the iotized vowels “I”, “E”, “Yo”, “Yu” and the sound “Y” .

Having mastered vowels, you can move on to consonants. Start with sonorant and voiced consonants, gradually moving to voiceless ones.

Sonorant consonants: “L”, “M”, “N”, “R”

Voiced consonants: “B”, “V”, “G”, “D”, “Zh”, “Z”

Voiceless consonants: “P”, “F”, “K”, “T”, “Sh”, “S”, “X”, “C”, “Ch”, Shch”

You should finish your study with the letters “Y”, “b” and “b” - you also need to know about their existence.

How to quickly teach a child to read

How to teach a child to connect different sounds and pronounce them together?

• First teach your child to combine vowels and pronounce them together: AU, UA, OU.
• Then move on to syllables that combine vowels and consonants: MA, BA, DA.
• It is better to start teaching your child with the letters “M” and “A”, since their combination is familiar to him from birth, it underlies the simplest word - “mother”.
• Draw the first sound, and then attach the second to it: M-M-M A-A-A, MMMAAA. Please note that in Zhukova’s ABC book the picture shows how the letter “M” runs to the letter “A” and then they are connected to form the syllable “MA”.

Primer by Nadezhda Zhukova

• After the child masters direct syllables (consonant - vowel), move on to studying reverse syllables (vowel - consonant): AM, UM, US.
• Connect letters according to the voiced - unvoiced principle, alternating and combining: PA-BA, ZA-SA.
• Read syllables starting with consonants also slowly, in a chant.
• Pronounce and read consonants as sounds: M-M-M, S-S-S.
• Teach your child first to read simple words consisting of 1 syllable: HOUSE, CAT, ROM. Then from a word of 4 letters, 2 syllables: MOTHER, BABA, DAD, SOAP Then from 3 syllables or more: MILK, SOROKA.
• Teach your child to read simple texts and fairy tales with a repeating plot: “Ryaba the Hen,” “Kolobok,” “Turnip.”

In this way, we learn to read syllables most effectively.

Among the useful and popular methods are games for teaching reading, educational cards, courses for children 5 years old and younger. I read by syllables, We learn to read syllables in which children learn the basics of word composition in a detailed and visual form, they are taught to read books by syllables.

A set of cards “Funny syllables for children” for studying at home.

, print and study at home.

Set of cards “Funny syllables for children”
Of course, it is important not only to know how to quickly teach a child to read syllables, but also to let him understand that the words we use every day do not consist exclusively of easy elements that are convenient to pronounce, and gradually teach your child to add syllables ending in consonants.

At first, children may make mistakes, long pauses, and confuse certain letters. In no case should you scold them for this, but be patient and continue learning to read step by step, using flashcards and other materials.

After some time, you will see noticeable results, since children very quickly grasp and process any information that is new to them. Very soon your child will be able to proudly declare: “I read syllables!”, and demonstrate his skills to an enthusiastic public.

Syllable table

This is an auxiliary teaching material necessary for teaching speed reading and instilling the skill of a good rhythm of assimilation of information. The syllabary table consists of columns of vowels and consonants.

You can use it immediately after learning a new phoneme. For example, a preschooler has mastered the letter N. He can immediately begin reading syllables with this consonant. During classes, the baby will learn what an open syllable is, how syllables and words are formed. If you read syllables from the table regularly, the pace and rhythm of reading increases and literacy becomes automated.

Read together

To increase your child’s reading speed, you can and should practice, and do it systematically. And parents here will have to make some efforts, show persistence, perhaps overcome their own laziness, because they need to study every day, but the noble goal - the further development of the child - is worth it. Do everything with love and your activities will not push your child away from reading, but, on the contrary, will interest him.

Be creative, come up with various tricks so that your child loves to read and does not do it “under pressure.” For example, write him notes asking him to respond in writing. If there are younger children in the family, let your student read to them - both communication and training. When reading your favorite story at night, invite your child to read part of the text independently. Praise him, even if the reading is so-so. Ask your child to retell what he read and answer questions. This is also a kind of activity that your child doesn’t even know about and therefore won’t be stubborn.

Let you have children's literature, colorful magazines, books, and any printed materials that may be of interest to your young explorer in an accessible place. A children's encyclopedia can be very useful. As a rule, there are bright pictures, the text is presented in an accessible way and is divided into small blocks. You can play with your child by asking questions on various topics from this book, thus attracting him to read.

Comparison of techniques

Comparison table of popular reading teaching methods.

Games

Game-based learning is considered the most effective. Do not waste time on educational entertainment for preschoolers, forget about boring lessons, then you will achieve success faster.

Letter learning games

• We draw letters, paint them, sculpt them. Use coloring books, prepare stencils yourself.
• Puzzles. Assembling letters from parts. Make the puzzles yourself and cut them into large pieces or buy teaching material at the store.
• Memory. Write down the letters on small pieces of paper. Lay out the cards on the table. Let the baby remember, then turn it over. Let him look for the desired letter according to the model.
• We write on sand and semolina. Attaching letters on loose material trains memory and motor skills at the same time.

Games for the ability to add syllables

• Collect the word. Syllables are laid out on cards in front of the preschooler. Task: collect words, one or more.
• Guess a riddle. In front of the baby there is a path of words, among them you need to find the hidden word.
• Word in word. The child is offered a long word, 12-15 letters. You need to make smaller words from it.
• Walking games. Prepare the playing field yourself. Write the letters in the empty cells. When walking the chip, the child reads the sounds, putting them into syllables.

To develop reading skills

• Sounds in a circle. Children need to come up with words that begin with the last letter of the previous word. For example, window-OSA-Album, etc.
• Reading with adults. The book is placed on the table so that the text is visible to the parent and baby. When one reads, the other follows. Stop unexpectedly and ask to continue. Attention and visual memory develop.
• We are looking for an error. Parents give the child a text with errors and catches. For example, KoSa ate all the grass in the field. Sol(b) was spilled onto the table. The child’s task is to find and correct the mistake while reading.
• Who's speaking? Animal toys and clean leaves will come in handy. Together with your child, sign the cards: Mee, Oink, Mu, etc. Empty will substitute the required syllable for the toys and read.

Exercises

• Reading "Tug"

The baby reads after the parent in a low voice, 1-2 syllables or words behind. The pace increases gradually.

• Divide into syllables

The game is played orally or in writing. Start with simple words, gradually move on to more complex ones.

• Let's catch up with the letter

M………., A, S…………….O The baby should pull his finger along the path, pronouncing sounds.

• How the letters became friends

Draw letters and pull their handles towards each other. You can use simple arithmetic schemes C+O=CO.

• What's extra?

From the words written syllable by syllable on the sheet, you need to cross out the unnecessary. For example, apple, pear, tomato.

conclusions

To summarize, we can say that most techniques have not changed much since the times of our mothers and grandmothers. Yes, they are being modernized, more game elements are being introduced, and a lot of didactic and auxiliary material is being used. Now 2-3 year old children are more developed and curious than their peers 20-30 years ago.

The most important thing for parents is to study all the instructions, be patient and start learning, taking into account the inclinations and character traits of their child.

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Books

During the homeschooling process, parents will need methodological support. To do this, you can use the following manuals:

1. O. Uzorova “Quick learning to read.”
2. N. S. Zhukova “Primer”.
3. I. Brodsky “Working ABC”.
4. G. R. Lazgdyn “Speech therapy alphabet”.
5. Kozhevnikova A. Yu. “Battlers.”
6. Teacher's aids from the set for Zaitsev's cubes and Doman's cards.